A chronological revolution made by historical analytics
By Eugen Gabowitsch (Potsdam, Germany)
Knowledge of our history timeline is important, and not only for historians. If indeed the dates of antiquity are incorrect, there could be profound implications for our beliefs about the past, and also for science. Historical knowledge is important to better understand our present situation and the changes that take place around us. Important issues such as global warming and environmental changes depend on available historical data. Astronomical records could have a completely different meaning if the described events took place at times other than those provided by traditional chronology. I trust that the younger generation will have no fear of "untouchable" historical dogma and will use contemporary knowledge to challenge questionable theories. For sure, it is an exciting opportunity to reverse the subordinate role science plays to history, and to create completely new areas of scientific research.
Kasparov, Garry, Mathematics of the Past, Website New Tradition.
Part 2. Ages in Chaos: A critique of chronology and the revision of history in Western Europe.
In Russia is the historical analytics very popular and many publishing houses are trying to print books about the chronological revolution. If they have a practical problem in their program then to find enough good authors of new books on historical and chronological criticism. In Germany we have a lot of interesting critical authors in this field but all they have difficulties with publishing their books. Any revision of history, even of the very early one like old Egyptian, old Chinese or classical antique, is afraid by publishers. I can explain this phenomena only with the fact that this words are occupied by neo-Nazi movement in which a revision of the history of the 20th century is popular.
The small amount of critical books which have been published by known publishers is quite popular by readers. But the unhealthy political correctness close for the most of us the normal way to the broad reader auditory. Therefore some other ways have been found in Germany by active authors of the historical analytics: own or author paid publishing, the world’s only specialized literary magazine for chronological revisionism and regular revisionist seminars or meeting named ‘Historical Salons’.
In own publishing houses have publisher their books such German critical authors as Heribert Illig, Roman Landau and Christian Blöss. They also printed a limited amount of books of other authors. With the help of print on demand publishers have publisher their books such Swiss and German revisionists as Christoph Pfister, Christoph Däppen and Ulrich Thomas Franz. Heribert Illig and Gunnar Heinsohn are publishing the literary magazine Zeitensprünge (Springs of time), which considers some part of the revisionist themes.
The first historical salon was created in Berlin more than 12 years ago. Four meeting per year is the mean amount of such revisionist seminars. The last meeting was numbered as 48th and was held in February 2007. The organizer of the Berlin Historic Salons are now Christian Blöss, Ulf Heinsohn, Michael Vogelsang und Hans-Ulrich Niemitz. Anybody can read about the Berlin Historic Salon at the website http://www.berliner-geschichtssalon.de/
In Karlsruhe, where I lived till 2003, we organised together with Uwe Topper the second German historic salon. We have had regular ‘Historical Salon’ meetings discussing critical chronology and historical research during five years. There have been 40 such meetings with about 100 different lections. At the end of 2002 a historic salon of Potsdam was opened by the same two persons. Monthly meetings made this Historic Salon to the most intensive place of discussions an historical analytics. 48th meeting was taking place at the 20th of Mai 2007. In Mai 2006 a New Historic Salon of Berlin have been opened by Uwe Topper and me. The 10th meeting was held at the 13. Mai 2007. Anybody can read about the last three salons in the internet magazine History and Chronology, Criticism, Shortening, Reconstruction and on the website (www.jesus1053.com).
Fomenko is not alone.
Most historians and archaeologists are only vaguely familiar with the theory of our leading critical author A. T. Fomenko, the eminent mathematician, full member of the prominent Russian Academy of Sciences, and his numerous works on chronology (written in the last 15 years for the most part together with G. V. Nosovsky). Although they form their opinion from negative hearsay, yet they repudiate and criticise the works of these authors with great ardour and much malice, adhering to the principle: “I have never read the works of the renegade Fomenko, and never will, but I condemn the horrendous aspersions that they cast on our beloved Antiquity nonetheless!” All of the above notwithstanding the fact that the books that contain criticisms of the consensual chronology and historiography sell in thousands of copies.
Wide masses of historians that comprise the “consensual chronology army” get very limited exposure to the numerous critiques of chronology and history that have been coming out in Germany and several other countries for some decades. The primary goal of this article is an attempt to familiarise the above with the primary critical works that suggest a radical revision of history and chronology, as well as their authors.
One hopes that a few historians and archaeologists out there will eventually realize the enormous potential of this direction in historical research, once they become aware of the multitude of authors, methods, approaches and historical topics involved in the reformation of history and chronology in one way or another. The most promising stratum of audience is comprised of young scientists and the unorthodox minority of broadly-educated people as opposed to the bureaucratic majority of the “historian office personnel”.
I have chosen the title Fomenko is not alone for my early review in Russian about the Western and especially the German historically analytical research which is in its main part supporting the Russian chronological revolution. This review was published as an appendix to a book of Nosovsky and Fomenko 2000. I have no possibility to repeat here my review. So let me just to name below some English texts which reports about the German critical research and to give some short information, which originates from websites www.jesus1053.com and http://www.ilya.it/chrono/ about the main actors of the historically analytic scene.
But first of all o short remark: Some historical overview of the Western development gives the paper The Revision of Ancient History - A Perspective written by P John Crowe (http://knowledge.co.uk/sis/ancient.htm). This is an edited and extended version of a paper presented to the SIS Jubilee Conference, Easthampstead Park, Sept. 17-19th 1999, Internet Paper Revision no.1 March 2001. No information about the Russian chronology revolution can be found there.
Christian Blöss and Hans-Ulrich Niemitz
Blöss, is a physicist, who lives mainly in Berlin. Since the 80ies he published two critical books in German on theory of evolution as created by Darwin and studies of aspects of catastrophes originated by planets:
• Blöss, Christian: Beyond of Darwin (Jenseits von Darwin, Verlag "Skarabäus, Frankfurt/M, 1988)
• Blöss, Christian: Planets, Gods, Catastrophes. A New Picture Planeten of the Cosmic Chaos (Götter, Katastrophen: Das neue Bild vom kosmischen Chaos, Verlag "Skarabäus, Frankfurt/M, 1991)
Together with Uwe Topper and H.-U. Niemitz he founded in 1994 the Berlin Historic Salon (BGS). Since several years he worked together with Niemitz on a critical analysis of physical methods to date artifacts, especially of the radiocarbon and dendrochronology or tree-ring dating methods. Their book
• C-14 Crash. The End of the Illusion It Is Possible to Date with Radiocarbon or Dendrochronology Method (Das Ende der Illusion, mit Radiokarbonmethode und Dendrochronologie datieren zu können, Mantis Verlag, Gräfelfing, 1997).
shows that these methods are not trustworthy and can not be used without vicious circles.
His next book
• Ceno-Crash. New Considerations About the Origin and the Age of the Human Race. (Ceno-Crash, neue Überlegungen zum Ursprung und zum Alter des Menschengeschlechtes - - Berlin: Verl. Wissen und Handeln, 2000. - ISBN 3-934378-51-X).
offers a new shortened chronology for our planet‘s geological epochs
Niemitz is professor for Technical History at the Leipzig University (Germany). He was the first to rediscover Kammeier (see part 3 for more details about this critical German writer) and the ‘hole‘ in the Middle Ages and introduced the idea of phantom years in the German History which was later developed and actively boosted by Heribert Illig.
An abstract of the very important German book of Christian Blöss and Hans-Ulrich Niemitz C14-Crash reports
1. How Dendrochronologists Have Humbled Themselves to the Traditional Chronology of Europe
2. Under What Conditions C14 Functions ...
3. ... and How C14 Fulfilled These Prerequisites and Fulfils Them Today
4. Why Dendrochronology Needs C14 ...
5. ... and How Dendrochronology has Made Itself Dependant Upon C14
6. Why Betting on the Wrong Horse or The Simultaneity Principle is Wrong
7. Whether it Can There be Any Patterns of C14 Fluctuations Such as This?
8. On the View to Warwen Chronology
9. On Remark About the Possibility of Wiggles
and gives a summary of the book (http://www.jesus1053.com/en/index.html).
During the London conference (2002) David Salkeld analysed radiometric dating in general in an objective fashion and demonstrated that some additional effects must be considered to explain many of anomalies of this dating procedure. Trevor Palmer commented, that in spite of the improvement of the techniques, radiometric dating is still an inexact science and likely to remain so. He wrote in his comments: “During the discussion that followed, radiocarbon dating which had not been mentioned specifically by Salkeld, was also widely held to be unreliable and one of the issues was, does this simply mean that chronologists can‘t, certainly at the present time, rely on radiometric dating as a tool.”
Gunnar Heinsohn
Born 1943 in Gynia/Poland Prof. Dr. Dr. Gunnar Heinsohn studied sociology, history, psychology, economics and religion at the Freie Universität Berlin. He holds a university diploma in sociology (1971) and Ph. D. in the social sciences (1973) as well as in economics (1982). His list of publications exceeds more than 400 tides. Since 1984 he is a tenured professor at the University of Bremen where he 1993 became director of the Raphael-Lemkin-Institute for Xenophobia und Genocide research. His investigations focuses on the history and theory of civilization, population and family history. Critical chronological research is one of his most successful but less known fields of research.
The Great European Witch Hunt became the subject of his book
• The Annihilation of the Wise Women. Contributions to the Theory and History of Population and Kindhood. (Die Vernichtung der weisen Frauen: Beiträge zur Theorie und Geschichte von Bevölkerung und Kindheit, München: Heyne, 1994 [1st ed. Herbstein: März; 1985], written together with O. Steiger).
On the origin of Jewish monotheism he wrote the book
• What is Anti-Semitism? - The Origin of Monotheism and the Hate of Jews –Why Anty-Zionism? (Was ist Antisemitismus? - Der Ursprung von Monotheismus und Judenhaß. - Warum Antizionismus?, Frankfurt am Main: Eichborn, 1988).
On Hitler‘s peculiar brand of anti-Semitism and the Holocaust he published the book
• Why Auschwitz? The Plan of Hitler and the Helplessness of the Posterity. (Warum Auschwitz? Hitlers Plan und die Ratlosigkeit der Nachwelt, Reinbek: Rowohlt, 1995).
Gunnar Heinsohn is a leading German author in the research field of chronology criticism and historical revisionism. He was one of the first, who in the last quarter of the 20. century began to develop in Germany the ideas of Velikovsky concerning the shortening of the chronology. The theory of the natural catastrophes in historic time and the general new point of view on the historiography played an important role in this research. 1979 he published a German paper on
• Hot Venus, the dark age of the Greece an the tremble in the conventional academic doctrine construction. The life and research of Immanuel Velikovsky (Freibeuter, Bd. 1, Nr.2, Dez. 1979)
This was the first paper of the new German movement of Velikovsky’s followers. On the first stage of his participation in this movement which was initiated by Christoph Marx his co-operation with Marx was very important for finding the way to a critical analysis of the old Mesopotamian chronology. The reconstruction of the Mesopotamian history based on ideas and critical observations of Marx was started in his classical book
• No Sumerians Existed. From the Phantom-Empires of Compendiums to the Real Sequence of Epochs in the ‘Cradle of Civilizations’ South-Mesopotamia (Die Sumerer gab es nicht: Von den Phantom-Imperien der Lehrbücher zur wirklichen Epochenabfolge in der "Zivilisationswiege“ Südmesopotamien, Frankfurt am Main: Eichborn, 1988)
and continued in the following books
• Which Time lived the Pharaohs? Archeological and Technological Basis of a New Writing of the Egyptian History and the History of the Rest of the World (Wann lebten die Pharaonen? Archäologische und technologische Grundlagen für eine Neuschreibung der Geschichte Ägyptens und der übrigen Welt, Frankfurt am Main: Eichborn, 1990, with H. Illig),
• Who ruled the Valley of Indus? New Found Empires of Medians and Persians. (Wer herrschte im Industal? Die wiedergefundenen Imperien der Meder und der Perser, Gräfelfing: Mantis, 1993),
• Kings of Assyria equal with Rulers of Persia? The Assyrian Discoveries Give Proofs for the Empire of Achamenides (Assyrerkönige gleich Perserherrscher! Die Assyrienfunde bestätigen das Achämenidenreich, Gräfelfing, Mantis, 1996).
• How Ancient is the Human Race? (Wie alt ist das Menschengeschlecht? Gräfelfing, Mantis, 1996)
His most recent critical book is devoted to the rise of high culture in the bronze age when blood sacrifice dominated the religion:
• The Creation of Gods. The Sacrifice as the Origin of the Religion. (Die Erschaffung der Götter: Das Opfer als Ursprung der Religion, Reinbek: Rowohlt, 1997).
Heinsohn is co-editor of “Zeitensprünge” bulletin. In this literary quarterly he published a lot of interesting critical papers. Let us only mention his analysis of the dynasties of Polish kings which demonstrated that many of rulers have been presented in history repeatedly in different times.
During the London conference (2002) Heinsohn and his shortenings of the Middle East chronology have been discussed in different talks. In an open forum at the end of the conference Emmet Sweeney gave the following summary of the chronology as it can be seen after the research of Heinsohn:
“Following the Heinsohn system it means essentially that the Old Kingdom and Middle Kingdom as such never existed separately. The Persians for example really were about quite recently, Cheops, or Khufu, was about some time in the 8th century BC and that‘s why advanced geometry and various other things could be used to construct these buildings because they don‘t belong to the Stone Age, they actually belong to the Pyramid Age. If you look at the origins of monotheism, the beginning of the 4th Dynasty, the period of the great pyramid building age, is clearly an age which has just recently witnessed cataclysmic upheavals in Egypt and the Pyramid Texts are proof of that. If you look at the first king after the end of the Early Dynastic Period, Sneferu, he is regarded as a paragon of virtue and the Pyramid Age is regarded - if you look at the Pyramid Texts, there‘s the emergence of monotheism, with a huge emphasis on the Sun God and the reappearance of the Sun, certainly Arum, not Aton, but Atum, is addressed almost in monotheistic terms, and in this period all these wise men appeared, the wise men of the Old Kingdom, and wise sayings were published, Ptahhotep and all these people who produced wise sayings about the virtuous life and this concept of responsibility beyond the grave appears as well. People are compared, they almost follow the tone of the texts of the Pyramid Age with Old Testament monotheism.”
In his talk Sweeney described the role of Heinsohn in revising the Middle East chronology in the following way:
“An entirely new light was cast on the problem with the appearance of Gunnar Heinsohn‘s work in the 1980s. Heinsohn was not initially concerned so much with Egypt as with Mesopotamia and sought to reconstruct the chronology of that region using strictly stratigraphic data. (Let me mention that the idea about the use of such data origins from Christoph Marx and together with Marx Heinsohn published some reports on Mesopotamian stratigraphy – E.G.) By the latter years of the 1980s, however, it became apparent to him that his findings would have major implications also for Egyptian chronology. Heinsohn realized that the stratigraphy demanded a dramatic reduction in the length of ancient civilizations, much more even than the five centuries suggested by Velikovsky. By 1987 he had come to the conclusion that the Mitanni, the great power which controlled Upper Mesopotamia during the time of the 18th Dynasty, were identical to the Medes, the historical conquerors of the Assyrian Empire in the 7th century. By implication, this of course meant that the 18th Dynasty too had to be brought down into the 7th century (actually the later 8th and 7th centuries), which meant too that Velikovsky‘s original location of the 19th Dynasty in the 6th century could now be rehabilitated.
Essentially then what Heinsohn had done was what no one else had even considered: instead of moving the 19th Dynasty back in time to link up the with 18th, move the latter forward by a further two centuries to link up with the 19th.”
Heinsohn was unable to attend the meeting but he subsequently submitted his short paper on the chronology of the life of Saint Cuthberg as he was described by Bede. Here he supports the Illig’s theory of phantom years. In open forum discussion I said:
I‘m sorry Gunnar Heinsohn isn‘t here, I was very interested to know what he would speak about and if his understanding of a radical shortening of chronology covers just one of the models we have discussed here or if he is thinking of the model of Fomenko and other critical revisionists from Russia too. Heinsohn has covered so many interesting things that all problems which we discussed here must be seen as relative problems. He understands what Russian researchers are doing and it is on the time to bring both streams together. Remember, using Velikovsky‘s idea of Catastrophism he together with Heribert Illig shortened the prehistoric time from 30.000 or more years to a very short period of a few thousand years, so at least 25,000 years have been cancelled, even more. We are not forgetting that it is not historical, it is the prehistorical world, but the real difference is not to big: prehistory is also a model of the past and so a part of history. And it is very important to remember that this part of history was reduced by a tremendous factor..
Heribert Illig
The most controversy person in the German community of historical analytics is Heribert Illig. Uwe Topper gives on his website the following short characterisation to Illig:
“Illig who owns a PhD in philology lives as a analyst and publisher in Gräfelfing (Munich, Germany). Since 1989 he publishes together with Heinsohn the quarterly bulletin "Vorzeit-Frühzeit-Gegenwart" (VFG, ‘Prehistory - Protohistory-Present‘), in 1995 renamed as "Zeitensprünge (ZS, "Time Bolts "), which in the early 90ies was an important platform for nearly every author active in the chronology debate.
Due to his participation in mass media debates, Illig is one of the best known German authors among the critics of History. Since 1994 he supports the idea that the Middle Ages were stretched by 297 years, to cut out between 614 and 911 AD. First a courageous, even shocking, idea, this theory is today considered conservative by many critical authors, because it considers the History before 614 as correctly documented.”
Let me add that his “doctor father” was his friend and co-editor of Zeitensprünge Gunnar Heinsohn. Illig was born 1947 in Vohenstrauß in Bayern, Germany. He arrived much as publisher and researcher who is organising every year a meeting of reader of his quarterly. But he also is responsible for the splitting of the German critical community. He is also trying to stop the spread of ideas of Russian historical analysts in Germany and opposes actively the results of Fomenko and his co-authors.
Illig is an active author who published a lot of very valuable critical books written partly with different co-authors. Here are some of them:
• The obsolete Prehistory (Die veraltete Vorzeit, Frankfurt/M, 1988)
• When lived the Pharaohs? (Wann lebten die Pharaonen?, 1990, with G. Heinsohn as co-author)
• Construction of the Cheops Pyramid (Der Bau der Cheopspyramide, Gräfelfing, Mantis; 1993, with Franz Löhner as co-author)
• Did Charlemagne ever live? (Hat Karl der Große je gelebt?, Gräfelfing, Mantis, 1994)
• The fictitious Middle Ages (Das erfundene Mittelalter, Econ, München-Düsseldorf, 1996; 1994; 1992)
• Who manipulated the clock? How 300 Years of History Were Invented (Wer hat an der Uhr gedreht? Wie 300 Jahre Geschichte erfunden wurden, Econ & List, München, 1999)
In his most popular book The fictitious Middle Ages – according to the Web Site http://www.tanzwut.com/spielmannsblog/?cat=3
”Heribert Illig tells the world that about 300 years of medieval history has to be deleted. And he’s talking about the years 627 till 911 in particular. Anything you know about these years is fake, interpretation, speculation.
Karl der Große (= Charlemagne) hasn’t been alive, he’s fiction, his vita was made out of forgeries of the 11th and 12th century. The latest memorandas corroborate it . The “established” scientists felt for the fakers tricks.
In his book, he underlined his point conscientiously and full of details. E.g. he proved: the cathedral of Aachen couldn’t be build in Charlemagnes lifetime. They hadn’t had the technology to construct such a building at that time… If someone built this cathedral in the 8th century it would be unexplainable that no other building had been built of the same structure with such a technology for 200 years.
Of course, the established medievalists also noticed the faked documents and a lot of them were recognized as such. They all agree that it is forgery. But how much and what - at that point Illig tries to prove what has to be seen as forgery who could be behind it and why… - Illig reduced a lot more accomplishments of Charlemagne to absurdity and assigned their right era in the 10th and 13th century.”
Christoph Pfister
Christoph Pfister was born 10.10.1945 in Bern. In Fribourg (Freiburg), Switzerland where he lives, he studied general history, Middle Age history and languages at the local University and reached 1974 his PhD in Modern History. Since the 90ies his research focuses on critical consideration of Ancient and Middle Ages History epochs.
First he was an university assistant, then a high school professor for Latin and French. Nowadays he is working for the state as historiography researcher for 18th and 19th century Swiss historiography.
After trying to co-operate with Heribert Illig he soon moved to a much more radical critical position and began to propagate ideas of Fomenko and to apply his methods of critical analysis to Swiss and general world history. He wrote a pamphlet Anti-Illig and developed a very strong criticism against the idea of Illig about the phantom time in the Middle Age and his attempt to save a big part of orthodox history including Antiquity.
For Pfister is the classical Antique and Middle Age epochs both the parts of the 17th century for which no real history is known. Al historical chronology before 1700 is an artificial product of the Catholic church, which based by its creation on numerology, not on the real information about the life of folks of the Mediterranean region.
Pfister believes that the really documented history does start as late as the 18th century and all “elder” documents were written after 1700. The 18th century is for him also the time of the beginning of book printing and of the Anne Domini time counting. This position is quite close to those of a radical wing of the Russian critical movement which is not supported by Fomenko and his co-authors who believe that the history of the last 700 und even more years can be in some sense reconstructed..
Pfister published in a prepaid print on demand publishing house three following very interesting and original books:
• Vesuv is Throughout. Local Swiss Names are Vesuvian. With an Introduction Concerning the Vesuvian Names of Europe (Der Vesuv ist überall. Die vesuvianische Ortsnamenprägung der Schweiz. Mit einer Einführung über die Vesuv-Namen Europas. Zweite veränderte Auflage, Norderstedt: Books on Demand, 2007, 300 Seiten, mit 32 farbigen Illustrationen, ISBN: 3-8334-2288-2).
• The Matrix of the Ancient History. An Analysis of the Religious Historiography. (DIE MATRIX DER ALTEN GESCHICHTE. Analyse einer religiösen Geschichtserfindung. Zweite veränderte Auflage, Norderstedt: Books on Demand, 2006, 536 Seiten, mit 35 farbigen Abbildungen und 18 Tabellen, ISBN: 3-8334-1826-5).
• Bern and the Old Swiss Confederates. Rise of the Swiss Confederation from the Point of View of the Historical Criticism. (BERN UND DIE ALTEN EIDGENOSSEN. Die Entstehung der Schwyzer Eidgenossenschaft im Lichte der Geschichtskritik. 352 Seiten mit 33 Farbabbildungen und 5 Farbtabellen, Norderstedt: Books on Demand, Zweite veränderte Auflage, 2006, ISBN 3-8334-2874-0).
His first book presents the idea of an initial European Vesuvian religion. He demonstrates that “footprints” of this religion can be found in local Vesuvian denotation of geographic names in Switzerland and anywhere in Europe.
In the second book Pfister is presenting some of main ideas of Fomenko’s criticism and forming his own more limited in time reconstruction of the historic period of mankind’s life.
His third book had in the firs edition (2003) the title The Marble About the Old Confederates. It gives a new picture of the early history of the Swiss Confederation. Pfister is demonstrating that the orthodox history of Switzerland is mainly mythological and not true.
He presents his ideas and theories not only in books and magazines but also on his homepage http://www.dillum.ch/. Here more than 100 different texts of Chr. Pfister have been published in German.
Uwe Topper.
Uwe Topper is today the most active German author. His books are very popular. He is a wanted speaker of different meetings and he takes part on different history salons. Together with his son Ilya he is editing a multilingual website Our History is faked! which is giving a good introduction into the field (see http://www.ilya.it/chrono/).
According to the named website “Topper studied some semesters of Fine Arts and Islam and lived as a free-lance artist and writer in Southern Asia, Northern Africa and finally in Western Europe; with Berlin as a permanent reference. His field research in ethnological subjects and rock paintings led him to the conviction that the catastrophes that happened throughout the history of humankind can well be documented in the landscape, during excavations and by reading ancient texts. He published this findings in 1977. As co-founder of the Berlin History Meetings he focuses his research since 1993 on chronology.
Born in 1940 in Breslau, Germany, Topper is an artist and author of a dozen books about art and history in German and Spanish. Some of them have been translated into Russian, Bulgarian and Hungarian (and recently even into Korean).
He lives in Berlin/Germany as a self-subsistent artist, writes freelance in several reviews of historical interest and delivers speeches in German, English and Spanish in some small circles interested in history.
He never was called to academic honours nor awarded prices. In certain circumstances he moved things by promoting scientific gatherings; some perpetuated and still function today in small groups.”
As no books of Topper have been translated into English numerous English publication of him can be a very interesting reading. They all can be found on the named Website. Let us bring here his descriptions of some of these English texts:
• The Beowulf Epic a Fake! The Beowulf Epic was not written in the 11th century (nor in the 8th) but rather in the 17th.
• The Calendar Nonsense. A critical review of the international bestseller by D. E. Duncan The Calendar (1998). This book doesn‘t even apply simple mathematics
• The Calendar and Gregor‘s Reform The Calendar and Gregor‘s Reform 1582. The precession and the week. Cosmic Catastrophes in the 13th and 14th century
• Computists and Chronology The medieval computist monks created a network of ‘important‘ years with symbolic numbers, such as 666, 369, 963...
• The ERA. A Medieval Chronological Reckoning Inscriptions in churches and tombstones with the Spanish ERA-dates. Blank spaces. Too many fakes!
• Fakes in Anatolia. The British archeologist J. S. Mellaart (1960) has invented several ancient civilizations in Anatolia. Çatal Hüyük. A treasure never seen.
• Glacial Cosmogony. Hanns Hörbiger‘s ideas about ice in the cosmos (‘Welteislehre‘) • The Earth is receiving cosmic ice. Geological events happen abruptly.
• James and the Ghost Centuries. "Ghost centuries" in the early Bronze Age. A review of the book by Peter James (1991).
• The Lady of Elche is a Fake. Too supposedly a masterpiece of early Iberian art, the Lady of Elche was faked in the 19th century.
• Measuring the Earth in the Antiquity. Were the old Greeks, Romans or Arabs able to calculate the actual circumference of the globe? Too many mistakes
• The Metal Age: a New Vision. The transition of Stone Age to Metal Age. A high culture spread over Europe. Wine and beer. Domestic animals. Bell-beaker pottery.
• A Refutation of the 297-Year-Bolt Ulrich Voigt is right: there cannot have been a 297-year-bolt in the Middle Ages, as Illig tries to show.
• The Tapestry of Bayeux. A critical view on the famous rug suggests that it doesn‘t feature Christian scenes. The England of the 14th century was different.
Additionally many German papers of the same author can be found there.
And now let me name some German books of Uwe Topper. His first book
• The Heritage of Giants. The Fall and Return of Atlantes (Das Erbe der Giganten. Untergang und Rückkehr der Atlanter, Walter Verl. Olten und Freiburg, 1977)
was an introduction into the history of huge natural catastrophes of the historical or near-historical time and the history of people which lived in North Africa and on the Iberian peninsula in the time before and after these catastrophes. This book presented his own field research in the named waste area.
The following books have been written after Topper began to work in the field of historical analysis:
• The „Big Action“. Invented History of Europe (Die "Große Aktion". Europas erfundene Geschichte, Grabert, Tübingen, 1998)
• Invented History. Our Time Counting is Incorrect (Erfundene Geschichte. Unsere Zeitrechnung ist falsch, Herbig, München, 1999)
• Fakes of History. From Persephone till the Time Counting of Newton (Fälschungen der Geschichte. Von Persephone bis Newtons Zeitrechnung, Herbig, München, 2001)
• Horra: The First Europeans (horra. Die ersten Europäer, Grabert, Tübingen, 2003)
• Faking the Time. It Started at Renaissance Time (ZeitFälschung. Es begann mit der Renaissance, Herbig, München, 2003)
• Spring of Kalender. Change of Religion in Europe about 1500 (KalenderSprung. Europas Religionswechsel um 1500. Grabert, Tübingen, 2006)
In the year 2000 the Bulgarian publishing house "Litera Prima" published a Bulgarian translation of the book Invented History. by Uwe Toper with a Bulgarian title, which means Is human history a fiction?. Bulgarian historian Alexander Moshev, Sofia, wrote me about this book a following letter:
All the copies of the edition were sold rather quickly in Sofia and now are not available at the bookstores, but I was lucky to bye a copy very shortly after "Is human history a fiction?" came out. The book became a bestseller in Sofia and entered the top 10 list of the best selling books of the week in the weekly newspaper "168 hours". The Bulgarian critic Georgi Zankov wrote positive notes in the daily newspaper "Noshten Trud". The book also attracted the attention of professional historians, such as Ass. Prof. Zvetana Cholova from the Institute of History of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. "Is human history a fiction?" became one of the main topics of discussion at the biggest outdoor book market in Sofia - "Slaveykov" Square.
To anybody who like to understand the modern German historical analytics I am recommending to read books and papers of Uwe Topper.
Society for Interdisciplinary Studies
As a centre which brings together most Anglo-Saxon and many other historical analytics we can consider the Society for Interdisciplinary Studies (SIS) with a residence in UK und a Web Site http://knowledge.co.uk/sis/. According to this Web Site, SIS is the oldest and most up to date society for catastrophist information and historical analytics research. The SIS was formed in 1974 to consider the role global cosmic catastrophes may have played in our history, and even recorded by cultures worldwide in their oral and written ancient traditions. Catastrophism also demands that there should be corroboration between disciplines, making catastrophism truly interdisciplinary and inclusive.
Topics covered include:
• Ancient history revisions and dating methods
• The "stability" of the Solar System
• The origins and history of religion
• Rock art & mythology as a historic record
• The role of plasma in the universe
• The long-term trauma of catastrophes
• Linguistics and the origin of words
• The cause of evolution, and its rate of change
The Society‘s main publication is Chronology & Catastrophism Review which appears twice a year. SIS C&C Workshop appears three times a year, and was launched to provided for an informal publication of material that may also be of interest to members.
The SIS also arranges occasional talks and conferences, and members have the opportunity to buy material through the Society‘s book service.
SIS is publishing different periodic magazines. Let me mention as examples some early publications of SIS from different issues of the SOCIETY FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES Review (SISR):
ROY MACKINNON: The Inexact Science of Radiometric Dating, Vol.1 No 5 SUMMER 1977
Lewis M. Greenberg: "Peoples of the Sea": an Art Historical Perspective, Vol. II No. 1 AUTUMN 1977
PETER J. JAMES: The Dating of the El-Amarna Letters, Vol. II No. 3 Special Issue 1977/78
GEOFFREY GAMMON: A Chronology for the Eighteenth Dynasty, Vol. II No. 3 Special Issue 1977/78
Don Robins: Isotopic Anomalies in Chronometric Science, Vol. II No. 4 Spring 1978
DR J. J. BIMSON: A Chronology for the Middle Kingdom and Israel‘s Egyptian Bondage, Vol. III No. 3 Winter 1978/79
DR EUAN W. MacKIE: Radiocarbon Dates and Cultural Change, Vol. III No. 4 Spring 1979
DR ALFRED DE GRAZIA: In Memoriam: Immanuel Velikovsky, Vol. IV Nos. 2/3 Winter 1979/80
Another regular magazine is Chronology and Catastrophism Review. As an example let me give the content of C&C Review 2006, 58 pp (July 2006) as it was published an the named Web Site:
• Articles:
o Bias in the Writing of History, by Irving Wolfe
o Velikovksian Catastrophism: Science of Pseudoscience, by Paul Sukys
o The Feasts and the Crescents, by Lynn E. Rose
• Essay-Review
o Can the Persian Chronology by Revised? -- Part I
o A Review-Report of the Seminar on Alfred de Grazia‘s model of ‘Solaria Binaria‘, reviewed by Professor Vladimir Damagov
• Recent Developments in Near Eastern Archaeology, by Robert M. Porter
• Book Reviews
o The Measure of Albion, by Robin Heath and John Michel, reviewed by Phillip Clapham
o The Reversing Earth, by Peter Warlow, reviewed by Phillip Clapham
o Glyphbreakers, by Steven Roger Fischer, reviewed by David Fairbairn
o From the Upper Sea to the Lower Sea; Studies on the History of Assyria and Babylonia in Honour of A.K. Grayson, reviewed by Laurence Dixon
o Eden in the East; the drowned continent of SE Asia, by Stephen Oppenheimer, reviewed by Phillip Clapham
o Thunderbolts of the Gods, by David Talbott and Wallace Thornhill, reviewed by Laurence Dixon
o Prehistory of Australia, by John Mulvaney and Johan Kummings, reviewed by Phillip Clapham
Anglo-Saxon historical analytics: some names.
Trevor Palmer is Professor of Life Sciences, Senior Dean and Pro Vice Chancellor at Nottingham Trent University and a member of SIS Council since 1986. He presented a very detailed review of the modern situation with the history revisionism in London (2002), in which he weighed all pros and cons. He started with a characterization of the conventional chronology
“The chronology of the ancient world currently accepted in most academic circles is based largely on the chronology of ancient Egypt. However, this was not passed down to us intact through the centuries. Instead, it was re-assembled in the late 19 and early 20th centuries from the fragmentary information available. Those remnants of ancient Egypt which survive, magnificent though some are, give us only a glimpse of what has been. As the eminent Egyptologist, Sir Alan Gardiner, wrote in 1961, ‘What is proudly advertised as Egyptian history is merely a collection of rags and tatters‘”
Under a title The ‘Revised Chronology‘ of Velikovsky Trevor Palmer explanes in which way the chronological misbelieve in Anglo-Saxon countries started in the middle of the 20th century:
“The conventional chronology of the ancient world was firmly established by the middle of the 20th century but received a major challenge in 1952 from Immanuel Velikovsky, in Ages in Chaos. Velikovsky had become convinced that a global catastrophe caused by a close approach of the planet Venus had occurred at the time of the Exodus and believed that the chaos in Egypt associated with this event was described in the Papyrus Ipuwer, lodged in the Leiden museum”- More details can be found below in the Part3 in description of the role of Velikovsky for the history revision.
Emmet Sweeney has an M.A. in Early Modern History and teaches in London He is a member of the SIS council and is the author of several books on chronological revisions, including The Genesis of Israel and Egypt, The Pyramid Age, The Neo-Assyrians and Persians, Ramessides, Madas and Persians and The Lost History of Ireland. His latest book is Arthur and Stonehenge (Britain‘s Lost History). He is supporting the radical cutting of the Mesopotamian and generally Near East chronology developed by Heinsohn and developed his own version of this short chronology. Here a summary of his talk in London (2002) written by Trevor Palmer in his conclusional remarks:
Emmet Sweeney “spoke both about Gunnar Heinsohn‘s chronology and his own, starting by saying that Leonard Woolley‘s flood layer in Mesopotamia was in fact the same as Schaefer‘s layer of catastrophic destruction in Syria, even though they were supposedly something like a thousand years separate; both had been preceded by something very similar; the Ubaid culture and also there were similarities in cultures that came after: in Mesopotamia, the Mitanni and Late Bronze 1 came immediately above the Akkadian and Early Bronze III, again supposedly almost a thousand years apart, and he proposed that these gaps should be just simply removed from history, that they were false and that history should be shortened accordingly. In his view, and I‘m talking specifically about Emmet, the Medes were the Mitanni, the Hittites were the Lydians. Essentially, one of the important points that he referred to at length, was the similarity between the Assyrian period and the Persian period, pointing out, for example, similarities in events in the time of Xerxes and the time of Sennacherib, arguing that the two were the same, although supposedly two centuries apart. Finally, he mentioned archaeological evidence from a German team which in fact tended to support the idea that these long periods of time between cultures had never actually existed.”
Charles Ginenthal is the long-time Editor-in-Chief of the journal The Velikovskian (A journal for myth, history and science). According to the information from his book Pillars of the Paste Ginnenthal is the author of Carl Sagan & Immanuel Velikovsky and co-author of Stephen J. Gould and Immanuel Velikovsky. He has published papers in the journals AECW, Meta Research, and The Velikovskian. His work also appeared in the Proceeding of the Immanuel Velikovsky Centennial 1895-1995, in ABA, the Glory and Torment, The Life of Immanuel Velikovsky, written by Velikovsky‘s daughter, Ruth Velikovsky Sharon Ph.D., and in Rebels & Devils, The Psychology ofLiberation, with distinguished authors Robert Anton Wilson, William S. Burroughs, and Timothy Leary. He has published a new theory of Cosmology, The Electro-Gravitic Theory of Celestial Motion and Cosmology, and a new book, The Extinction of the Mammoth.
Pillars of the Past explores, through studies based primarily on scientific and technological evidence, the chronology of the ancient Near East. Here the description of the book given by the publisher:
“This evidence indicates that the historians and archaeologists have invented over 1500 years of history that simply never existed. The evidence includes astronomical Sothic dating, radiocarbon dating, pottery dating, tin bronze production, iron metallurgy as it relates to cutting diorite and other hard rock. In addition, erosion of Egyptian monuments along with agronomy and soil salinization, climatology, agriculture, as well as archaeological and geological stratigraphy all support the conclusion that at least 1500 years of ancient history are a mirage. Glass development, domestication of the horse and ass, Hebrew, Greek, and Hittite linguistics, forensic studies of the teeth of ancient peoples prove that this millennium and a half or more are historical fiction. There is of course much, much more. With hundreds of footnotes from many diverse fields of study, Ginenthal ruthlessly tears away the façade of the established long chronology. For new and old readers of ancient history, in clear, understandable language, the history of the ancient Near East is exposed, showing that at least half of the cloth of that age is an invention; that the emperor, in reality, has no clothes.”
Charles Ginenthal presented during the London conference (2002) a paper “which asked whether the Sumerian civilisation could have maintained its culture by irrigation. In arid regions, irrigation also adds salt to the soil which causes a problem as the water table rises. Further irrigation to try to alleviate the salt problem would increase the water table still more, and the problem would get even worse. Essentially he argued that with the techniques available to the ancients, this situation could not have gone on for more than about 500 years, without cultivation of the land having to stop for a substantial period until it remedied itself. So overall, without coming to any specific conclusions, the idea of a long consecutive culture in that region seemed unlikely.” (Palmer’s conclusional comments).
A lot of other names of historical revisionists can be found (together with short characterisations) in The Revision of Ancient History written by P John Crowe.
Bibliography
Part 2.
Aitchison J. Eric, Ages Still In Chaos: Defending The Indefensible, Proceedings of the SIS Conference: ‘Ages Still in Chaos‘ Progress in revising ancient history since 1952 and possible ways forward. Royal National Hotel, London, 14th & 15th September 2002, pp. 38-45
Bimson, John J. and James, Peter J.: Stiebing, BAR, and the Revised Chronology, Kronos, vol. VII, no. 3 (1982)
Bimson John J., Finding the Limits of Chronological Revision, Proceedings of the SIS Conference: ‘Ages Still in Chaos‘ Progress in revising ancient history since 1952 and possible ways forward. Royal National Hotel, London, 14th & 15th September 2002, pp. 73-78.
Blöss Christian, Niemitz Hans-Ulrich, The Self-Deception of the C14 Method and Dendrochronology. How Dendrochronology Has Been Lulled into a False Sense of Security by an Urgently needed Auxiliary Science. http://www.jesus1053.com/en/index.html
Crowe P John, The Revision of Ancient History - A Perspective, SIS Jubilee Conference, Easthampstead Park, Sept. 17-19th 1999, Internet Paper Revision no.1 March 2001 (http://knowledge.co.uk/sis/ancient.htm).
Dayton, J. Minerals, Metals, Glazing and Man. London 1978
Gabowitsch, Eugen: Fomenko is not alone. A critique of chronology and revision of history in Western Europe (In Russian). Appendix VI. In: G.V.Nosovsky, A.T.Fomenko, Reconstruction of the World History. Investigation of the Years 1999-2000. New Chronology, Delovoy Express, Moscow, 2000, pp. 573-600.
Ginnenthal Charles, Carl Sagan & Immanuel Velikovsky
Ginenthal Charles, Climatology and Agronomy, Proceedings of the SIS Conference: ‘Ages Still in Chaos‘ Progress in revising ancient history since 1952 and possible ways forward. Royal National Hotel, London, 14th & 15th September 2002, pp. 65-72.
Ginnenthal Charles, Pillars of the Past. .History, Science, Technology as these Related to Chronology, New York, 2003.
Greenberg Lewis M., Ramesses II and Greek Archaic Sculpture Proceedings of the SIS Conference: ‘Ages Still in Chaos‘ Progress in revising ancient history since 1952 and possible ways forward. Royal National Hotel, London, 14th & 15th September 2002, pp. 61-64
Greenberg Lewis M., The Lion Gate at Mycenae Revisited, Proceedings of the SIS Conference: ‘Ages Still in Chaos‘ Progress in revising ancient history since 1952 and possible ways forward. Royal National Hotel, London, 14th & 15th September 2002, pp. 53 60.
Heinsohn, Gunnar, Ancient Near Eastern Chronology Revised, The Velikovskian, vol. I, no. 1 (1993)
Heinsohn, Gunnar: Did the Sumerians and the Akkadians Ever Exist?, AEON, vol. I, no. 2 (1988)
Heinsohn, Gunnar: Who were the Hyksos? Can archaeology and stratigraphy provide a solution to the ‘enigma of world history‘? Proceedings of the Sesto Congresso Internazionale d Egittologia, vol. II (Torino, Italy 1993)
Palmer Trevor, Introduction - Ages in Chaos? A Review of Developments in Ancient Chronology Since Velikovsky, Proceedings of the SIS Conference: ‘Ages Still in Chaos‘ Progress in revising ancient history since 1952 and possible ways forward. Royal National Hotel, London, 14th & 15th September 2002, pp. 2-15
Porter Robert M., Evidence for Shortening Egyptian History, Proceedings of the SIS Conference: ‘Ages Still in Chaos‘ Progress in revising ancient history since 1952 and possible ways forward. Royal National Hotel, London, 14th & 15th September 2002, pp. 34-47
Rohl David, A Testing Time, Proceedings of the SIS Conference: ‘Ages Still in Chaos‘ Progress in revising ancient history since 1952 and possible ways forward. Royal National Hotel, London, 14th & 15th September 2002, pp 46-52.
Rose, Lynn E.: Current Issues in Catastrophism, Proceedings of the Immanuel Velikovsky Centennial Celebration 1895-1985, Forest Hills, NY 1995.
Rose, Lynn E.: Sun, Moon and Sothis, Deerfield Beach, Fl. 1999.
Lynn E. Rose, A Lowered Chronology for the Twelfth Dynasty, The Velikovskian, vol. II, no. 4 (1994).
Stiebing, William H., Jr.: Heinsohn‘s Revised Chronology, AEON, vol. II, no. 5 (1991)
Sweeney Emmet J., Velikovsky, Glasgow & Heinsohn Combined, Proceedings of the SIS Conference: ‘Ages Still in Chaos‘ Progress in revising ancient history since 1952 and possible ways forward. Royal National Hotel, London, 14th & 15th September 2002, pp. 80-90.
Topper, Uwe: Die Grosse Aktion. Europas erfundene Geschichte. Die planmäßige Fälschung unserer Vergangenheit von der Antike bis zur Aufklärung. Tübingen, 1998.